In this short video, we show you how to use your pMDI inhaler correctly.
This is a pressurised metered dose inhaler. It’s sometimes called a ‘puffer’.
It’s best to use a spacer with your pMDI inhaler. A spacer helps the medicine get into your lungs and lowers your risk of side effects.
We have other videos to help you use your pMDI inhaler with a spacer using the single breath and hold technique and tidal breathing (multiple breath) technique.
Always speak to your healthcare professional if you're not sure which inhaler you have.
Expert advice for using a pMDI inhaler
Hello I'm Omar Usmani. I'm a consultant respiratory physician. I'm going to show you how to use what's called a pressurised metered dose inhaler or pMDI. It is also sometimes known as a puffer.
Getting your inhaler technique right is very important because it helps you manage symptoms better. It may take a few tries to feel comfortable using your inhaler but it does get easier with practice.
If your doctor or nurse has advised you or your child to use a spacer with your inhaler watch our other videos on using a spacer.
When you first get your inhaler - or if you haven't used it for five days or more - you will need to test it.
To do this take the cap off and shake the inhaler well, pointing the mouthpiece away from you. Press the canister to release a puff into the air.
How many test sprays you need to do will depend upon your inhaler so do check the instructions. This means it is now ready for use.
Some pMDI inhalers have a dose counter. If yours has one check it is not empty.
1. Now hold your inhaler upright and take the cap off.
2. Check that there is nothing inside the inhaler mouthpiece.
3. Shake the inhaler well.
4. Sit or stand up straight and slightly tilt your chin up, as it helps the medicine reach your lungs.
The next steps all happen smoothly in one action.
5. Breathe out gently and slowly away from the inhaler until your lungs feel empty and you feel ready to breathe in.
6. Put your lips around the mouthpiece of the inhaler to make a tight seal.
7. Start to breathe in slowly and steadily and, at the same time, press the canister on the inhaler once.
8. Continue to breathe in slowly through your mouth until your lungs feel full.
9. Take the inhaler out of your mouth and with your lips closed hold your breath for up to ten seconds or for as long as you comfortably can.
10. Then breathe out gently through your mouth away from your inhaler.
11. If you have been prescribed a second puff wait 30 seconds to a minute and shake the inhaler again, then repeat steps (4 to 10).
12. When you have finished replace the cap on the inhaler.
If you've used an inhaler that contains steroids, rinse your mouth with water and spit it out to reduce the chance of side effects.
For more tips on using your inhaler, why not watch our other videos.
Call 999 if:
You’re having an asthma attack or flare-up of your lung condition, and your reliever inhaler is not helping.
Check your inhaler technique
Good inhaler technique helps you breathe the medicine straight into your lungs, where it’s needed. This gives you the best chance of managing your symptoms.
If you’re using your inhaler as prescribed with the right technique, it can help you:
- manage your symptoms without needing to take a higher dose of your medicine
- reduce your risk of having an asthma attack or COPD flare-up. The medical word for this is exacerbation.
- manage your triggers better
- reduce side effects
- make your medicine last longer
- sleep better
- take part in exercise or other activities.
Even if you think your inhaler technique is OK, you may still be able to improve it so that more of the medicine gets deep into your lungs.
It’s especially important to check your inhaler technique if:
- your symptoms are getting worse, or you’ve recently had an asthma attack or COPD flare-up (exacerbation)
- you’re using a new type of inhaler.
You can ask your GP, nurse or pharmacist to check your inhaler technique. Remember that you do not need an appointment to get help from a pharmacist at your local pharmacy.
Tips to help you use your inhaler correctly
Some inhalers need to be shaken well before each use. This includes pressurised metered dose inhalers (pMDIs) and breath-actuated inhalers (BAIs). Four or five times is ideal.
This helps to make sure the medicine and the gas that creates pressure in your inhaler (called the propellant) mix properly.
If you’re not sure whether you need to shake your inhaler, check the Patient Information Leaflet (PIL) that comes with your inhaler or speak to a healthcare professional.
Testing your inhaler usually means checking if you can see medicine coming out without inhaling it. It’s important to check that your inhaler is working properly to make sure you get the right amount of medicine into your lungs.
You should test a pMDI inhaler if you have not used it for a few days or you’re using a new one for the first time. You do not need to test your inhaler before every use.
The Patient Information Leaflet (PIL) that comes with your inhaler might also tell you how often you should test your inhaler. Ask a healthcare professional if you’re not sure or have any questions.
To check how to test your inhaler, check the PIL or ask a healthcare professional. You might test your inhaler by taking the cap off, pointing the mouthpiece away from you, and pressing the canister to release a puff into the air.
Try sitting or standing up straight when using your inhaler. Lifting your chin slightly and holding the inhaler upright can help the medicine reach your lungs.
You might find it helpful to sit or stand in front of a mirror to check your head position.
Place the inhaler in your mouth and make a tight seal around the mouthpiece. A tight seal helps make sure you get the full dose of the medicine.
Before using your inhaler, breathe out through your mouth as much as you can. This creates more space in your lungs so you can take a full breath in through your mouth when you use your inhaler.
Holding your breath after taking your inhaler allows the medicine to settle in your lungs.
If you can, hold your breath for 10 seconds. But only hold your breath for as long as you feel comfortable – the inhaler will still work.
Waiting between each puff also gives the medicine and gas (called a propellant) enough time to mix back together after being shaken.
Some preventer inhalers and combination inhalers, like Maintenance and Reliever Therapy (MART) and anti-inflammatory reliever (AIR), contain steroid medicine.
The steroid medicine can build up on the back of your throat, mouth and tongue and cause side effects including:
- a hoarse voice
- cough
- sore throat
- a mouth infection called oral thrush.
Rinse your mouth with water and spit it out after using your preventer or combination inhaler. This can help to clear any medicine that is stuck in your mouth or throat and help prevent side effects.
Using a spacer with your pMDI inhaler can help deliver the right amount of medicine to your lungs. Using a spacer can also prevent side effects from steroid medicines in preventer or combination inhalers.
There are different ways you can use your spacer. For example, the single breath and hold technique. If you find it difficult to take a deep breath, you can try tidal breathing. This is also called the multiple breath technique.
If you use a pMDI inhaler, breathing in at the right time when you use it helps the medicine get into the small airways deep in your lungs.
Press the canister on your inhaler once and, at the same time, breathe in slowly and steadily. Continue to breathe in until your lungs feel full.
Try to avoid rushing or breathing in your inhaled medicine too quickly.
- If you breathe in too early, you will not have enough time to finish breathing in all the medicine because your lungs will already be full.
- If you breathe in too late, the medicine can stick to your mouth or the back of your throat, instead of getting to your lungs. This is because it takes a very short amount of time for the medicine to be released once the canister is pressed.
Getting into a good medicine routine
You need to take your preventer inhaler every day as prescribed, even if you’re feeling well.
Try these top tips to get into a good medicine routine:
- Set yourself daily reminders on your phone. This can be useful if you’re away from home too. You could also write yourself a note in your diary or in your calendar. You may also want to set a reminder for ordering your prescriptions.
- Keep your inhaler and spacer (if you have one) on your bedside table or near something else you use often, like your daily bag or keys.
- Link taking your inhaler to another daily habit. Research shows you’re more likely to remember to take your medicine every day if you link it to something you already do.
- Ask family or friends to remind you or use an app like the NHS medication reminder service.
Disclaimer
This video is not a replacement for professional medical advice. If you’re finding it hard to use your inhaler or you’re worried about your symptoms, please speak with a healthcare professional.
Your GP, nurse or pharmacist can check your inhaler technique. Remember that you do not need an appointment to get help from a pharmacist at your local pharmacy.
Always read the patient information leaflet inside your medicine packet. It tells you more about your medicine, including all the possible side effects and how to store the medicine safely. Speak to your GP, nurse or pharmacist if you have any questions.
Asthma + Lung UK does not endorse or recommend specific products. Read more about how we create our health advice information.
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Find out more
How to use a pMDI inhaler with a spacer – single breath and hold
How to use a pMDI inhaler with a spacer – tidal breathing
Maintaining and looking after your inhaler
